General information about automatic transmission

1. The models described in this manual are equipped with an automatic 4-speed AT AF 13-11. Identification number and code are printed on the nameplate attached to the transmission housing (see resist. illustration).



2. AT consists of a torque converter (rotation converter), planetary assembly, hydraulically controlled clutches (clutches), brake bands and pump assembly. The AT planetary gear provides a choice of four forward and one reverse gears. The gear ratio of a planetary gearbox is determined by which of its elements are locked and which rotate freely. Blocking and releasing elements of planetary assemblies in AT is carried out using clutches and brake bands.

3. The hydraulic pump placed inside the transmission housing creates the pressure of the working fluid necessary to activate the clutch and brake bands. Fluid flows through a system of channels through the valve assembly. Depending on which channels are currently open, one or another AT mode is activated. Switching of the main modes is carried out by the selector lever through the drive rod. Other signals about the current mode of movement come from electrical sensors. AT can operate in one of three modes: normal, winter and sport. The order of switching on and the purpose of the modes are described in more detail in Chapter «Controls and methods of operation».


4. Torque converter (rotation converter) transfers torque from the engine to the gearbox. Due to the fact that the transmission of rotation is carried out hydraulically (through the transmission fluid - ATF), starting off the car and shifting gears are very smooth. In addition, the torque converter provides dynamic torque adjustments during acceleration.

5. The driver controls the AT using the selector lever mounted on the floor of the vehicle. Control methods are described in detail in Chapter «Controls and methods of operation».

6. Due to the complexity of the AT design, the lack of commercially available replacement internal components, and the need for special equipment, the compilers of this manual do not recommend car owners to carry out overhaul of the transmission on their own. In this Chapter, only the procedures for diagnosing general transmission failures, its current maintenance, individual adjustments, removal and installation are considered.

7. In the event of a serious breakdown, it is wiser and easier to replace the transmission than to spend time and money on restoring a failed assembly. However, doing the removal and installation yourself will help to a large extent to reduce costs (first make sure that the transmission really needs refurbishment).